European stocks traded within a volatile range on Tuesday as investors continued to assess the war in Iran and its effects on energy prices, inflation, and regional market sentiment. The pan-European Stoxx 600 moved higher in morning trading after briefly falling at the open, but the index still remained on track for an 8.5% loss in March. That would mark its sharpest monthly decline since the 2020 COVID crash.
Market attention stayed fixed on the conflict in the Middle East, the status of the Strait of Hormuz, and the latest signals from U.S. officials on how long the military campaign could last.
Europe Stoxx 600 Remains Under Monthly Pressure
The Europe Stoxx 600 rose about 0.95% by 2:35 p.m. in London after slipping into negative territory earlier in the session. Major European indexes also traded higher during the morning. Germany’s DAX gained 0.71%, France’s CAC 40 added 0.55%, Italy’s FTSE MIB rose 0.78%, Spain’s IBEX 35 advanced 0.80%, and the U.K.’s FTSE 100 climbed 0.92%.
Despite those gains, the broader regional benchmark remained on course for its worst monthly performance in six years. March losses have been driven by continued uncertainty over the war in Iran and the risk of broader disruption to global trade and energy supplies. Investors have reacted to every new headline tied to military activity, shipping routes, and U.S. policy direction.
Iran War Keeps Risk Sentiment Fragile
The main pressure point for markets has remained the Strait of Hormuz, a vital shipping route for global oil flows. Traders have been watching for signs of whether the conflict will widen or whether diplomatic and military efforts could shorten the timeline. A report from The Wall Street Journal said President Donald Trump had told aides he was willing to end U.S. military hostilities against Iran even if the Strait remained closed.
According to the report, Trump and his advisers believed that a direct operation to reopen the waterway could extend the conflict beyond the initial six-week timeline. That report helped shape trading in Asia-Pacific markets overnight and contributed to early volatility in European stocks. The market response showed that investors remain highly sensitive to any change in the expected length or scope of the war.
Additionally, stock markets remained under pressure as investors reacted to rising oil prices and ongoing tensions surrounding Iran. Dow Jones, S&P 500, and Nasdaq 100 futures all moved lower even after Trump extended the deadline for possible strikes.
U.S. Comments Add to Market Volatility
Further attention was drawn by remarks by U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio, who said Washington’s objectives in Iran would take weeks rather than months to achieve. He said the destruction of Iran’s air force had already been achieved, while the campaign against its navy and missile launchers was well underway. He also said missile and drone factories were among the remaining targets.
Those comments suggested that U.S. military activity may continue at a high pace in the near term. At the same time, Trump warned on Monday that attacks could expand to Iran’s civilian energy infrastructure, including water desalination plants, if Tehran failed to reopen the Strait of Hormuz. That warning kept traders focused on the possibility of wider disruption across energy markets.
Inflation Adds to Investor Caution
Fresh inflation data from the euro zone added another challenge for investors. Preliminary figures from Eurostat showed annual inflation in the euro area rose to 2.5% in March from 1.9% in February. The reading moved above the European Central Bank’s 2% target and reflected rising global energy prices.
The rise in inflation has added to existing market caution, as energy costs have become a central issue during the conflict. Higher oil prices have raised concerns across European markets, especially as war-related uncertainty continues to affect sentiment.
Even with Tuesday’s rebound in early trading, the Stoxx 600 remained under pressure as March moved toward a close.
